NPR’s Scott Simon and disinformation expert Renee DiResta delve into recent claims by the Justice Department that Russia has been funding right-wing influencers to sway U.S. policy and voters.

SCOTT SIMON, HOST:

The U.S. Justice Department recently reported that Russia is using fake news to manipulate U.S. politics and policy. This includes fraudulent news stories designed to appear genuine. The Department has indicted two RT employees for allegedly channeling $10 million to a U.S. media firm, which then hired prominent right-wing influencers. These influencers claim they were unaware their payments were from Russia. Joining us to discuss this is disinformation expert Renee DiResta, who has advised Congress on these issues. Thank you for joining us.

RENEE DIRESTA:

Thank you for having me.

SIMON:

How have the tactics of Russian disinformation evolved since their previous attempts to interfere in U.S. elections?

DIRESTA:

That’s a great question. In past election cycles, like 2016, Russia used fake accounts to spread disinformation. As tech platforms started detecting and shutting down these accounts, Russia adapted its strategy. Now, they are using methods that are harder to track, like financial transactions to influencers, as the previous approach became less effective.

SIMON:

So, these influencers are real, but they haven’t been indicted, correct?

DIRESTA:

Yes, that’s correct. The influencers have stated they were unaware of the Russian funding. The indictment indicates they were used to subtly push certain narratives, such as linking a terrorist attack in Moscow to Ukraine. The high payment rate—around $100,000 per video—is unusually large and raises concerns about the authenticity of the funding sources.

SIMON:

And there are also issues with fake news websites?

DIRESTA:

Yes, the DOJ has also uncovered fake websites that resemble legitimate media outlets, designed to spread propaganda. These sites are part of what researchers call the Doppelganger network, creating misleading content that is distributed via fake social media accounts. Despite efforts to counteract these sites, they often don't gain significant traction.

SIMON:

What impact might this have, and how should we respond?

DIRESTA:

The main concern is that foreign actors are trying to sow division and mislead the public. The government’s role is to make this interference known and to build public resilience against such tactics. While this issue might not be the largest problem, it contributes to polarization and undermines consensus, which can have serious social consequences. Efforts in education and disruption are crucial to addressing these issues.

SIMON:

Could Russia be achieving its goals just by getting us to talk about it?

DIRESTA:

Absolutely. That’s why it’s important to respond thoughtfully and avoid creating unnecessary panic. 

SIMON:

Thank you, Renee DiResta, for your insights. She is the author of “Invisible Rulers: The People Who Turn Lies Into Reality.”