How Shelter and Electricity Shortages Are Causing Hypothermia in Gaza

In recent weeks, the tragic deaths of eight newborns from hypothermia in Gaza have drawn international attention and concern. The dire conditions in Gaza, exacerbated by the lack of shelter and electricity, have left its population vulnerable to the harsh winter. This humanitarian crisis has prompted calls for urgent action from global organizations.

Understanding Hypothermia

Hypothermia is a medical emergency that occurs when the body's core temperature falls below 95°F (35°C). It happens when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, leading to dangerous complications. In extreme cases, the heart, nervous system, and other vital organs cease to function, which can ultimately result in death.

Common symptoms of hypothermia include intense shivering, slurred speech, fatigue, confusion, and slowed breathing. Without prompt medical intervention, these symptoms can escalate, causing unconsciousness and even fatal outcomes. While hypothermia is preventable, the current conditions in Gaza have created a perfect storm for this deadly condition to thrive.

The Destruction of Shelter

The ongoing conflict in Gaza has devastated its infrastructure, including residential buildings. According to reports, nearly 66% of structures in the area have sustained some level of damage. This includes over 52,000 completely destroyed buildings, nearly 19,000 severely damaged ones, and tens of thousands more that have been moderately or possibly affected. These staggering numbers underscore the scale of displacement in Gaza, with an estimated 1.9 million people forced to live in makeshift shelters, such as tents.

While these tents provide some level of protection, they are inadequate against the cold winter temperatures. January is the coldest month in Gaza, with nighttime temperatures dropping as low as 50°F (10°C). For displaced families, the lack of proper insulation and heating in these temporary shelters has made staying warm nearly impossible, further increasing the risk of hypothermia.

The Energy Crisis

Compounding the shelter crisis is Gaza’s severe lack of electricity. Before the recent escalation of conflict, Gazans had access to electricity for 7-13 hours per day, though blackouts were common. Since October 2024, the situation has deteriorated drastically. A report from the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) states that Gaza residents now receive virtually no electricity, leaving millions in darkness.

With no electricity, most Gazans rely on solar panels for minimal power. However, the availability of solar panels is grossly insufficient, with only 12,400 units serving a population of over two million. This shortage means that many families cannot generate enough energy to keep themselves warm, charge devices, or maintain essential medical equipment. Scarcity of blankets and warm clothing further compounds their plight, leaving many vulnerable to freezing conditions.

Impact on Newborns and Vulnerable Populations

The most heartbreaking victims of this crisis are newborns, whose underdeveloped bodies cannot regulate temperature as effectively as adults. Without proper shelter or heating, these infants are particularly susceptible to hypothermia. The eight reported deaths are likely just the tip of the iceberg, as many similar cases may go undocumented.

Elderly individuals, people with chronic illnesses, and those with disabilities are also at heightened risk. Their physical limitations often prevent them from seeking or accessing alternative sources of warmth, further endangering their lives.

International Response

Global organizations have been vocal in condemning the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. The United Nations and various non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have called for immediate access to the region to deliver aid and resources. Between late December and early January, approximately 560,000 people in Gaza received primary healthcare services, thanks to international efforts. However, these efforts remain insufficient given the scale of the crisis.

Advocacy groups are pressuring the international community, including the U.S. and Israeli governments, to prioritize the protection of civilians and the delivery of humanitarian aid. Medical supplies, warm clothing, blankets, and heating equipment are urgently needed to prevent further loss of life. Additionally, the rebuilding of infrastructure, including homes and electricity networks, must be a priority in long-term recovery plans.

Examples from Other Crisis Zones

Similar humanitarian crises in other parts of the world highlight the importance of swift action. In Syria, for example, international aid organizations have established temporary housing units equipped with insulation and heating to combat winter conditions. Similarly, during the 2020 earthquake in Turkey, rapid deployment of mobile heating stations helped mitigate the risk of hypothermia among displaced populations. These examples serve as models for potential interventions in Gaza.

The Role of Solar Energy

While solar panels have provided a glimmer of hope in Gaza, their current numbers are insufficient. Expanding the use of renewable energy sources could offer a sustainable solution to the electricity crisis. International partnerships could help fund and install additional solar infrastructure, ensuring that more families have access to basic power for heating and lighting.

For example, initiatives in remote villages in Africa have demonstrated the effectiveness of community-based solar farms. These projects not only provide electricity but also create jobs and empower local communities. A similar approach could be adapted to meet Gaza’s needs.

What Lies Ahead

The humanitarian crisis in Gaza is a complex and multifaceted issue that requires both immediate and long-term solutions. In the short term, international organizations must focus on delivering essential supplies, such as warm clothing, blankets, and medical equipment. Establishing temporary shelters with adequate insulation and heating should also be a priority.

In the long term, rebuilding Gaza’s infrastructure will be essential to preventing future crises. This includes reconstructing homes, restoring the electricity grid, and ensuring access to clean water and healthcare. Collaborative efforts between governments, NGOs, and local communities will be critical to achieving these goals.

The recent deaths from hypothermia serve as a stark reminder of the human cost of inaction. It is imperative that the international community acts swiftly and decisively to address the root causes of this crisis and prevent further loss of life.

Conclusion

The tragic deaths of newborns in Gaza highlight the urgent need for action to address the region’s humanitarian crisis. The combination of shelter destruction, electricity shortages, and harsh winter conditions has created a perfect storm for hypothermia to claim innocent lives. While international efforts have provided some relief, much more needs to be done to alleviate the suffering of Gaza’s population. By prioritizing immediate aid and long-term infrastructure rebuilding, the global community can help ensure a safer and more stable future for Gaza.