A recent survey conducted by SW Research on behalf of Rzeczpospolita has revealed that a significant portion of Poland’s population supports the reintroduction of border controls within the European Union to combat irregular migration. The findings show that 62% of Polish respondents are in favor of reinstating border checks, while 23% oppose the idea, and 15% remain undecided.

Public Opinion on Border Controls

The survey specifically asked respondents whether they believed that the EU should reintroduce border controls within the Schengen Area to help manage the flow of migrants. The results suggest that almost two-thirds of Polish citizens favor tighter border regulations.

The strong support for border controls reflects growing concerns about security, national sovereignty, and migration policies. Many European nations are grappling with increasing numbers of irregular migrants, prompting some governments to reconsider their open-border policies.

Why Do Many Support Border Controls?

The rising support for stricter border measures stems from several key concerns:

• Security Threats: Many believe that relaxed borders increase security risks, including crime and terrorism.
• Strain on Social Services: There are fears that an influx of migrants could put pressure on public services such as healthcare, housing, and education.
• Economic Considerations: Some argue that irregular migration could lead to job competition, lower wages, and economic instability.
• Political Influence: Migration issues have become a major point of debate in national and EU-level politics, influencing public opinion.

Germany’s Immigration Debate and Poland’s Stance

The survey was conducted amid ongoing discussions about immigration policies in neighboring Germany. The German parliament recently rejected an immigration bill backed by the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) party. However, German authorities have stated their intention to implement permanent border controls to regulate migration.

Polish authorities have voiced their opposition to these measures. The Polish government argues that controlling migration should primarily be the responsibility of external Schengen borders rather than internal EU borders.

Growing Border Control Measures Across Europe

Poland is not the only country dealing with migration-related challenges. Several other Schengen countries have already reintroduced border controls to strengthen national security. These countries include:

• Germany
• Bulgaria
• Slovenia
• Malta
• Italy
• Hungary

Each of these countries has cited similar concerns, such as increasing numbers of undocumented migrants and the strain on national resources.

Poland’s Opposition to the EU Migration Pact

Beyond opposing border control reintroductions, Poland is also against the European Union’s Pact on Migration and Asylum. This agreement is designed to create a framework where EU nations share the responsibility of hosting asylum seekers.

However, Poland firmly rejects the idea of mandatory migrant relocation. In October 2024, after Germany reinstated border checks, Poland’s Minister of Foreign Affairs, Radoslaw Sikorski, called the move a mistake. He emphasized that controlling illegal migration should be handled at the external borders of the Schengen Area, rather than within EU countries.

Poland’s Hardline Position on Migration

The Polish government has made its stance on migration clear:

• No Forced Migrant Relocation: Poland refuses to accept any mandatory migrant quotas imposed by the EU.
• Border Security as a Priority: Authorities stress that national security should be maintained by police officers, soldiers, and border guards who work to prevent irregular migration.
• Protecting National Interests: The government argues that allowing large-scale migrant relocations would undermine the security measures Poland has put in place.

Implications for Poland and the EU

Poland’s firm position on border controls and migration policies highlights a broader conflict within the European Union. While some nations support a shared responsibility approach to handling migration, others, like Poland and Hungary, advocate for national sovereignty over immigration decisions.

This debate raises several important questions:

• Will the EU find a balanced approach to migration that satisfies both sides?
• How will Poland’s opposition impact its relationship with other EU countries?
• Could Poland’s position influence other countries to adopt similar hardline policies?

Practical Considerations for Migrants and Expats in Poland

For those considering moving to Poland, it’s important to understand the country’s evolving immigration policies. Here are some key takeaways:

• Legal Migration Routes: Poland still welcomes legal migrants, including skilled workers and students, under specific visa programs.
• Job Opportunities: Expats looking for work in Poland should research industries where skilled labor is in demand.
• Residence Permits: Those planning to stay long-term should ensure they comply with visa and residency requirements.
• Border Control Changes: Travelers should stay updated on any potential border restrictions that may affect movement within the EU.

Conclusion

Poland’s support for reintroducing border controls within the EU reflects the country’s growing concerns over migration and security. While this position aligns with broader trends in Europe, it also deepens divisions within the EU regarding how to manage migration.

As debates over immigration policies continue, Poland remains firm in its stance against forced migrant relocations and is advocating for stronger control over its own borders. The future of EU migration policies will depend on whether European leaders can find common ground between national interests and collective responsibility.